With the growing demand for energy and pressure to transition to cleaner sources, liquid energy presents an intriguing investment opportunity. This can encompass a range of emerging technologies and energy carriers utilizing renewable feedstocks. In this article, we analyze the economics, risks, and rewards across liquid energy domains.

Biofuels and biochemicals
Advanced biofuels and biomaterials offer possibilities to substitute fossil resources. However, many pathways face economic barriers and uncertain policy support. Companies must demonstrate reliable production at scale to attract investors.
Hydrogen infrastructure
hydrogen infrastructure and shipment will experience rapid growth but low short-term returns. Government funding aims to catalyze development, although private capital in early stages carries risk.
Liquid renewable fuels
Innovations in renewable liquid fuels can stabilize intermittent generation when paired with energy storage. Declining costs of solar PV and wind bolster project viability, but investment comes with technology risk.
Liquid energy presents ample opportunities across biofuels, hydrogen, synfuels, and hybrid systems. However, investment suitability and risk profiles vary substantially for different technologies and stages of development.